Just Cause has 10 equipment slots, but only 3 slots are assigned letters. Those 3 are the ones where the player can swap weapons. The rest can only have 1 weapon.
This list shows them in the order that they appear in game:
(Note: Whenever Rico is close enough and facing another person, instead of firing his weapon, he will punch or kick the person.)
1: "Unarmed". When standing close enough, Rico will hit the center of the victims chest. The number of hits needed to kill depends on the target.
For those big black heavy machine guns that are mounted on vehicles; guard towers and cartel villa balconies, see: Mounted Gun.
Pistols are low powered, one handed weapons. They're best suited for backup roles or dealing with low level law enforcement or Montano soldiers. They are quite common weapons that are found either at safehouses or when a low ranking Guerrilla has been killed.
Revolvers are slighty more powerful than pistols. But they are still best suited for backup roles or dealing with low level law enforcement or Montano soldiers. The Rioja Cartel patrols use them frequently and so do patrolling police.
Submachine guns can be one or two handed, have 30 round magazines and are reasonably low powered, but they have a very high rate of fire. They're best suited for low level or lightly armored enemies. Nearly every faction uses them, Guerrillas use them in nearly every situation, Riojas only use them in liberations and the law enforcement/government use them at medium wanted levels. Montanos use them for most liberations apart from liberations that involve a very worthy villa, such as one near Esperito City that has the armed version of The Vampire within one of the garages of the villa.
Assault rifles are mid powered, automatic weapons with a medium rates of fire and a 30 round magazine. They're effective against most infantry type enemies. Either found at safehouses or during liberations or fast-paced missions. The most commonly found is the Adler FF M-72 which every faction will use for at least one type of situation whether that would be patrols, firefights or liberations/sidemissions.
Battle rifles are more powerful than assault rifles, and are automatic, but have a lower rate of fire. The two battle rifles (Fleisher AR-5 Blizzard and Lance FDL) have different advantages, the Blizzard has a 60 round magazine, and the Lance has a scope. Both are effective against most, if not all, infantry type enemies. Found at safehouses and at high wanted levels when the player is near or in a town or city.
Sniper rifles are high powered, scoped weapons with small magazines. They're effective against most, if not all, infantry type enemies, but are at their best when being used from a distance. A low rate of fire is the only drawback associated with sniper rifles. Found on town rooftops and safehouses and used by the Montano subtiniete during Rioja liberations. The Barclay Phantom is the most powerful handheld weapon in game, killing anyone in one shot. This features that sniper rifles possess makes them overpowered to any weapon.
Shotguns are high power weapons at close range, but become less effective as the distance from the target increases. At close enough range, shotguns are effective against most, if not all, infantry type enemies. Rarely used apart from the Dawson 61 Sports Model which is used more often by Black Hand and Guerrillas. Shotguns are fully automatic (with exception to the Dawson 61 Sports Model which is semi-automatic and is barrel-break action).
Rocket-launchers are weapons that are highly effective against vehicles and groups of enemies. They're best suited for dealing with groups of enemies. Only soliders in military bases without available SAM units use these when liberating with the use of a helicopter. Nearly all rocket launchers are very good for eliminating enemy vehicles except the Mako Hammerhead which has a very short and dangerous firing range.
Explosives are... explosive. The triggered and timed explosive have a huge blast radius, and the grenades have a reasonable blast radius. All are effective against infantry type enemies and vehicles. Both triggered and timed explosives will destroy at least 2-3 vehicles at once when detonated in a confined area. Using them in this method takes skill and practice to perfect and to do safely.